Located in the northernmost part of Europe, Norway is one of the most beautiful countries on Earth. With a population of 5.6 million and its breathtaking landscapes, it is a highly appealing tourist destination, so let’s learn more about this incredible country.

History

More than 10,000 years ago, in the aftermath of the Ice Age, the first inhabitants arrived in Norway. They engaged in hunting and fishing along the coast, while also crafting stone tools and etching animal images onto rocks. Then, around 3000 BCE, new people came and started farming in Norway. They grew food and raised cows and sheep. Later, they used bronze to construct large tombs for important individuals. As time passed, communities grew. People started living in bigger homes with their families and animals. They formed small tribes and held meetings (called “things”) to make decisions and solve problems. 

Furthermore, from about 800 to 1050, Norwegians became Vikings and sailed to other places. They explored, traded, and sometimes attacked places like England and France. Some Vikings even reached North America!

The Middle Ages and Unions took place from the 11th to the 18th century. After Christianity took hold, Norway emerged as a kingdom with kings and churches. In 1397, it joined the Kalmar Union with Denmark and Sweden. In 1536, Norway came under Danish rule, which lasted nearly 300 years. Following the Napoleonic Wars, Norway established its own constitution in 1814 but soon entered a union with Sweden. They shared a king while maintaining their own laws. In 1905, Norway achieved full independence, and Prince Carl of Denmark became King Haakon VII.

Norway stayed neutral in World War I, but its ships were still affected. In World War II, Germany invaded Norway in 1940 and lasted until 1945. After the war, Norway joined NATO and built a strong, caring country for its people.

National Symbols

• National Anthem: Ja, vi elsker dette landet (Yes, we love this country)

• National Animal: The moose

• National Bird: The white-throated dipper

• National Flower: Pyramidal saxifrage

• National Dish: Fårikål (A hearty stew of mutton and cabbage)

Norwegian Quick Facts

• Capital: Oslo

• Form of Government: Constitutional monarchy

• Money: Norwegian krone

• Norway’s coastline is famous for fjords, which are sea inlets between steep cliffs.

• Arctic animals like reindeer (caribou) and wolverines inhabit Norway.

• Humans inhabited Norway from 9,000 to 8,000 B.C.

Legacy 

Norway has a rich and fascinating history, because of its brave individuals, stunning natural landscapes, and traditions. A long time ago, the Vikings set sail from Norway, exploring new lands and showing courage and skill. Today, their stories and ships are still remembered and admired worldwide.

Over the years, Norway has become known not just for its explorers but also for its peaceful ways. The country gained independence in 1905 and built a strong, fair society where everyone has a voice. Norway is also recognized for its efforts to assist other countries and promote peace. That’s why the famous Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in its capital, Oslo.

Norwegians love and protect nature, from their tall mountains and deep fjords to their forests and sea life. They care about the environment and want the Earth to stay healthy for future generations. When oil was discovered, Norway used the money wisely to help schools, hospitals, and families.

Norway’s legacy is about bravery, fairness, creativity, and care for people and the planet. From Viking ships to cozy sweaters, from wild moose to tasty lamb stew, Norway’s culture is rich and special, and its story continues to inspire the world today.